I don't mean to sound discouraging or disrespectful of what you want to do, but depending on your level of blindness it may well be more hassle than is worth the effort, and when people see that you're blind (having a cane makes you stand out pretty conspicuously and then there's the eye contact thing) they will most likely avoid you, especially the types of people who frequent that environment. There is a lot of noise so having any meaningful conversation is pretty much impossible; I'd say at least 95% of interaction is through nonverbal means. It's sad but it's reality. Personally I think clubs and such are pretty overrated, so I may be wrong about this, it's just my opinion.

I dislike loud places so an Irish style pub or a non-loud cocktail place will do fine.
Usually i don't go alone so don't need to figure if a place is free.
If I would go alone, I'd probably wear a "socializing" cane to give people easier openers. (I.e. one that has been customized to look fancy and less of the standard issue white thing. That just scares people away)

Yeah I must say I mainly agree with the other comments here. I pretty much do all I can to avoid places like this simply because they're so insanely loud. That being said though, it might not be so bad if you went with a handful of friends of yours. If you're going to try and meet and mingle you're going to have a hard time alone. But, if you have a wingman, you can make it happen!
Maybe just go for it. See how the experience is for you. You may end up loving it but either way you'll know for sure!

I've never been able to stand clubs or bars. I find the loudness disorienting to the point of making me feel slightly sick. My advice would be to try and find a local pub, IE a place where people go in groups to hang out, chat, maybe watch a sports game, rather than a club with a crowded dance floor.

Trial and error for finding a table. Sometimes I'll ask the bartenders for help or I'll intentionally go early to reserve a table for myself.
If i carry my cane, i keep it folded in my purse. The key is finding a place where you feel comfortable and where the regulars and staff are welcoming. I reccomend places that are popular among students and artists because they're usually pretty open.
You can do anything if you're brave enough. I'm also blind from birth but i wasn't going to let that stop me from going out. Just went to an awesome DJ gig a few weeks ago. I sent the one DJ a message a week prior to explain my situation and he reserved me a place in the VIP section of the club where i could hear well but where i also wouldn't be in the way or be uncomfortable.
Just try. If you're ever in Finland I'll take you out.