Keep one ear open and JAWS in the other ear, or get Aftershockz (bone conduction headphones.)

You could get a pair of earbuds and just use one. This would keep one ear free to listen to your surroundings.

Probably the easiest thing to do is just wear one earphone. Use lightweight buds that do not block the ear canal. When I use this technique I put one earphone in my ear, then hook the other one over my other ear so it won’t dangle and get in the way. This way you can hear your co-workers and your speech at the same time.
You should also look into getting a splitter box for if you need to use the phone, or transcribe dictated letters etc. They plug into your computer and the telephone or other device so you hear speech in one ear and phone conversations or dictation work in the other, which obviously would need both ears to make work.
I hope all this is helpful.

No fancy solution. Just keep one ear uncovered. You don't need to hear the screen reader out of both ears. The only time that can become an issue is if you spend a lot of time on the phone; the phone on one ear, and the screen reader on the other, does mean losing some awareness. If you do need to spend a lot of phone time, the best idea is to use Skype, or some other VOIP program, so you can have your phone calls on your computer. Plus, you no longer need to hold the phone, so you keep your hands free for your keyboard and/or Braille display.

Depending on the computer and or your headphones, it may work with your headphone's microphone. You can use listen to this device in sound settings in windows to monitor the microphone output. Or you could also bring a mic. Just a tacky suggestion.

i use a screen reader in the office sometimes but i use kurzweil because of dyslexia, not vision issues. i don't think you will have much of a problem so long as you don't turn the volume up too high. it would be kind of like if you were on the phone. so you will be a little distracted but if someone calls your name you will probably realize they are trying to talk to you. from there you can just pause the reader and talk to your co-worker.