I have to come to the defence of the "sighties" here.
All people have habits which dominate our behaviour. Most things we do without thinking them through first. We'd be stumbling at every step or utterance if we overthought everything.
So when people talk to you without realising you can't see their gaze and body language, this isn't them being bad, they just need to learn new habits. Someone I know has been spending the last year at their new job "training" their co-workers to introduce themselves each time they meet, and other relevant habits.
Other things everyone does is use "sight" metaphors in speech: "will you look at that!", "I see what you mean.", etc. Stevie Wonder sang
$1.
Now your first point about white canes, many people not knowing what they are for, I see a lot of people who know what they are for but they just don't recognise it until they are nearly tripping over it. Perhaps some public education would help. Meanwhile, as you're in NYC you could try some
$1 (Video description: two men, one tall and handsome (Jon Voight playing Joe Buck), one short and limping (Dustin Hoffman playing "Ratso" Rizzo) walking through NYC when they cross a road in front of a yellow cab that has to stop suddenly to avoid hitting them.)