O&M Specialist here:

There’s indoor, outdoor, familiar, and unfamiliar areas that you’ll train in. Generally, you’ll progress from least to most complicated.

There’s a number of cane techniques you’ll learn, and they may be adapted to your personal ability. There’s also some non-cane skills to protect you while you travel with or without your cane.

You should also cover things like compass directions, route shapes, route building, neighborhood familiarization.

Then there’s advanced areas like GPS, and public transportation.

There’s a lot of stuff that you can learn.

We did a lot of focus on crossing roads at stop lights

Most people learn to travel in the areas that they visit frequently. You'll learn how to trust your cane so that you don't have to rely on inadequate vision, especially at night or when there is not much sun, when it's harder for many people with vision impairment to see.

Lessons progress. Mine started in my home town, then neighboring towns, then the Capitol of my state. I had issues with speaking to people in public so my instructor would take me to different stores instruct me to locate something specific or purchase something while she stood back and watched. To this day though I still have a slight fear of asking for help in public settings.