Correct. Because memes depend a lot on recognizable events, most memes are not read out by screen readers. So most memes are undetected by us super blind people.

Source: I'm totally blind

If it's an image, then text to speech doesn't work. The image needs to be described with typed text that the screen reader can process.

So yes, many blind people are left out of meme culture.

Facebook is actually one of the only companies that build in something in their software that makes it possible to read text and images without converting them first

It can process text in an image using something called optical character recognition (OCR). We do have some advancements in AI / machine learning that allow certain apps to process the image and try to deliver a coherent description of what's in the image. The consistency is still pretty bad though. It can work fairly well in some instances, and not in others.

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So memes will be out if you're totally blind unless you want to go to the trouble of getting someone to describe them to you. Low vision people might be able to activate the magnification build into their computer or phone, or use slightly more fancy paid software to magnify the screen on PC.

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I can't speak for the entire community, but I know for myself, I don't really care about memes. I feel like they're a drug people use to escape their problems. Getting depressed? No problem, trawl through social media for an hour and get that dopamine fix. I think it jacks people's baseline to the point where they feel like shit without it. Of course, I have no scientific basis to make that claim, but I hardly think it can be good for you when people are exposing themselves as much as they are.

If its an image, no, but theres an app called seeingai from microsoft that uses OCR and makes it possible. I frequent r/Dankmemes and r/Deepfriedmemes quite regularly because of this.
Also theres a few channels on youtube, cowbelly studios is one, that have videos of memes being read with the daniel tts voice, quite amusing. Because of that I can no longer use that voice for voiceover, lol.

The other month from here somebody started a project of having memes just described in text. However I think one could just as easily make audio recorded memes of a clip from a TV show and then text underneath it beside the link not embedded into it.