I can't even find minimum wage, part-time work. I have a college diploma and two years customer service. I'm currently in university and am deathly afraid I will not be able to find a career once I'm finished.

Honestly yeah. I have multiple certificates in food handling and so on but I could only get a limited hour retail job

I always heard there are incentives for companies to hire people with disabilities, but I think based on what I have read on here, they are still really likely to discriminate instead? The only work I have ever done is just programming on my own, ie not having worked for a company, so don't know how it is. Plus I am only legally blind, but even still in some situations it would be noticeable... mostly only if I need to read something.

Ironically, though, I'd probably be faster than other people at a lot of jobs because a lot of workers sure seem lazy now and slooooooowly do things.

Three things:
1) I worked in retail and it is a s\*\*\* show if you have a disability. Having also worked in a professional environment and looking back, I know the mountain of the difficulty of landing a job on top of the fact that getting a job in retail is going to put you in the worst position with a bunch of people who are going to do and say things every day that are a big middle finger to the EEOC. Furthermore, at that point, just being out of college, I didn't know what to do or if I had any rights or what HR was for! Hourly work with an emphasis on speed is also not great if you're VI! Now I work in HR, and I look back with anguish at those retail environments!
2) Working in an office, as a salaried professional is great, and being VI makes so much less of a difference in this environment. My company has almost 1000 employees and has several other employees with obvious disabilities, including at least one other blind person! However, I think I got really lucky getting these jobs, and that's so much of anyone's career trajectory. However, one thing that helps to find a supportive environment is to research the company's culture as much as you can, and going towards a not-for-profit or government job already helps to not have as much of a competitive cut-throat culture.
3) One thing I didn't know before working in HR is that applying for and getting a job is a numbers game. I used to think it was all my vision. I'm not saying it's NOT my vision, but that factors in a lot less than I thought because now I screen applications--so many applications. You wouldn't believe how many people have college degrees and are working retail! If that's your situation, you have to find other ways to stand out, like a cover letter or your app answers, and be extra meticulous in designing all of your materials. And if there's anything extracurricular you can do to show your interest in a field, do that thing and put it on your resume!