we use qr codes. We print on a thermal label printer, but regular inkjet or laser would do.
You need a way of reading them back; camera on a smartphone is perfect.

If you want a long term solution, please check out waytags! It’s a new company and I’ve gotten a sample package of a little bit of everything and it is honestly incredible! There’s different types for different situations. There’s some you can sew onto clothes and that are machine washable safe. Some that have magnets to attach onto cans, are even good for the freezer and oven. To scan these tags you can just use your cell phone! It is so incredibly handy and I can put as much information on each little tag as I want.

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I can recommend the Pen Friend, as that's what I use:

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$1

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You get sticker sheets with a bunch of different sizes of QR codes. You can just put the sticker on the tupperware, then when desired, record a voice message to said QR code by touching the pen to it and speaking into it. You can just keep overwriting the voice message as much as you want, then your husband can just touch the pen to the QR code and hear the voice message.

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Also comes with special sticker things for the freezer as well, in case you're putting anything frozen away you want him to be able to identify.

I don’t know how much they are, but maybe a PenFriend?

Braille dymo tape or dots different shaped ones.

The cheapest way is to remember what is where and stuff I don’t lable but I just know and memorize what is in the fridge. Different ssize and shape boxes or just memory especially for left overs. Okay that plastic container tuna. On top of it the glass one is salad. Etc.....