Getting him on Medicaid is a big first step. Through them he should be able to get therapy after discussing it with his primary care physician (everything on Medicaid is through referrrals). He may be eligible for SSI or SSDI as well. Check with the local Social Security Administration as well as local human services.

The big thing though is that he needs his own autonomy as well. He needs to feel like he's contributing in this relationship. Your post reads kind of like you want to do everything for him and that is going to lead to resentment on both sides down the road. He needs time to adjust and some blindness skills training (see if he can work with Vocational Rehabilitation) and it sounds like he needs to do a lot of work with himself as wel. I'm speaking as someone who is blind with ptsd here, there's a lot of stuff nobody can do for him, he has to put in the work and time.

Supporting him while he works on this stuff is good and you can help him with paperwork if he needs that. He's not helpless just because he's blind and dealing with a lot of stuff mentally, there's just some changes in life he is probably going to need to make and he'll appreciate some help with that.

If you think of encouraging and supporting your boyfriend's increased independence, versus thinking of things you can do to help, the slight difference in perspective could help steer you toward slightly different actions.

"Help" is a word that sometimes means not setting personal limits. Offering to help can mean assuming more responsibility than is healthy for you or for him. I'm not trying to be overly picky about using this word or that, especially since you close your post using the word "support."

This may seem weird, but I'd suggest keeping tracking of what support works and what doesn't work by keeping track in a log.

For example, if your boyfriend typically takes one trip away from home on his own every week, what might you do to encourage him to average two trips away from home in a week? Maybe you could make a regular habit of walking to a local park together, which could encourage him (maybe?) to go to the park on his own sometimes.

If he talked to one or two strangers last month, could he feel comfortable enough to talk to three strangers this month? What might support him in doing that: joining a group that meets on Zoom every month? making a point of hanging out with a neighbor now and then? Rather than go somewhere new to meet new people, perhaps it's a start to just visit the place a few times at a time when fewer people are present, and then work up to visiting when people are more likely to be there.

If your boyfriend wouldn't meet requirements to receive services for the blind and visually impaired, then maybe you could encourage him to join a community group for people with visual impairments. Community groups may accept anyone who wants to join.

Even if I'm off base with all that, I'd suggest starting with something small. Make one change and see if it helps. Stick with it for a while. Then try another change.

Get him o&m training and assistive tech training. Also ils training.

What town/city are you in? Paratransit may be an option for both of you.