Bring your karma
Join the waitlist today
HUMBLECAT.ORG

Reddit Science

Last sync: 1y ago
3296
Astronomers found an ultra-hot exoplanet that acts like a mirror, reflecting 80% of the light shone on it by its host star. The reason for its high reflectivity is that it is covered by metallic clouds made of silicate and titanium. (esa.int)
submitted 1d ago by MistWeaver80
AutoModerator 1 points 1d ago
Welcome to r/science! This is a heavily moderated subreddit in order to keep the discussion on science. However, we recognize that many people want to discuss how they feel the research relates to their own personal lives, so to give people a space to do that, **personal anecdotes are allowed as responses to this comment**. Any anecdotal comments elsewhere in the discussion will be removed and our normal comment rules apply to all other comments.

**Do you have an academic degree?** We can verify your credentials in order to assign user flair indicating your area of expertise. Click here to apply.

---

Author: u/MistWeaver80
URL: https://www.esa.int/Science_Exploration/Space_Science/Cheops/Cheops_shows_scorching_exoplanet_acts_like_a_mirror

*I am a bot, and this action was performed automatically. Please contact the moderators of this subreddit if you have any questions or concerns.*
Nilesdead 522 points 1d ago
So a world where everything is CHROME?
[deleted] 202 points 1d ago
[removed]
[deleted] 79 points 1d ago
[removed]
[deleted] 20 points 1d ago
[removed]
SuperFightingRobit 51 points 1d ago
Everything's chrome in the future!
BlackPhoenix1981 24 points 1d ago
"Fuuuuttuuuurrre" Squidward
matchosan 2 points 17h ago
"I'm 40% chrome" Bender Bending Rodriguez
Mathblasta 9 points 1d ago
We're all chrome down here!
BlackPhoenix1981 3 points 1d ago
We're all mad here
BurningBeechbone 63 points 1d ago
It is… Valhalla. I SHALL RIDE ETERNAL. SHINY, AND CHROME!
TheRealBlerb 25 points 1d ago
“Fuuuut*uuuuuuuurrreeee*”
chocolateboomslang 6 points 1d ago
Once you get far enough away from earth, the chrome becomes mandatory.
TuringC0mplete 3 points 14h ago
Imagine how many tabs you'd have to open for this to happen
dj-nek0 7 points 1d ago
The glitter's all wet
kerbaal 4 points 1d ago
You have to admit, that is metal.
Luqq 2 points 17h ago
West coast customs approves
jaquaries 4 points 1d ago
Imagine the ram you need...
monstrinhotron 2 points 1d ago
Has it been observed turning into a spikey robot devil man voiced by Orsen Welles?
do0tz 2 points 22h ago
The men cry out, the girls cry out. Ooh no.
noonemustknowmysecre 1 points 16h ago
Pave the Earth! CHROME THE MOON!
gnomefury 1 points 15h ago
SB-129. "Everything's chrome in the future!"
abraxkadabra 102 points 1d ago
Do we know how close it is? Is it possible we’d ever get a spacecraft out to photograph with some advanced technology in the near future or even now? This would be awesome to see I’m trying to imagine what that’s like I bet it’s really hot too kinda like a mini counterfeit sun
diviledabit 103 points 1d ago
It'd probably take hundreds of years to get there and then 81 years to transmit the images back.
Vitalic123 150 points 1d ago
Hundreds of years? At the speed of helios 2, it'd take us over 300.000 years to travel 81lys.
[deleted] 87 points 1d ago
[removed]
[deleted] 47 points 1d ago
[removed]
[deleted] -3 points 1d ago
[removed]
sth128 30 points 1d ago
It's kind of a depressing thought that even if humanity achieves light speed somehow, it will still take 81 years to checkout a hot young planet in our neighbourhood.
ShelZuuz 8 points 1d ago
If you don't really have family & friends you care about, you can travel there at a comfortable constant 1G while aging only 12.5 years.

If you want to stop there and not just do a near-lightspeed flyby, it would take you 17 years total to get there. (Accelerating until you're halfway there, decelerating the rest of the way).
St_Kevin_ 5 points 1d ago
Even if you invented a way to send the probe at light speed, it’s 81 years each way. A radio signal or communication laser would take 81 years to get a signal back to earth. Only way to communicate faster is with a quantum entanglement device.
Xivios 2 points 1d ago
From Earths reference frame, yes, but time dilation and length contraction make the galaxy surprisingly traversable *if* you can get close enough to c.
AncientBelgareth 1 points 23h ago
If humanity somehow found a way to accelerate a spacecraft to near light speeds, the travelers could probably make a round trip in a few decades, but earth as they knew it would also probably be a century or two in the future cause of time dilation. Imagine jumping on a ship, leaving your wife and kids at home, then when you get back your grandchildren and great grandchildren are all greeting you, and some of your grandchildren might be older then you
antimeme 3 points 1d ago
there's plausible tech the could accelerate a small probe to like 1/20 c.
PrudentDamage600 5 points 1d ago
I think I read that NASA is developing space-folding technology.
yawaworhtg -91 points 1d ago
300 years? And a lot of decimal points. Wow!
Vitalic123 13 points 1d ago
Hi, I'm from Belgium. We use commas for decimal places, and dots to separate thousands.
oojacoboo 18 points 1d ago
Not all counties use a comma for a thousands separator. In Europe, for instance, the period is commonly used.
ritromango 30 points 1d ago
That might get you a laugh by your immature peers in middle school, but in a global forum like this it makes you look like an ignorant ass.
jebryant101 -4 points 22h ago
17,000 years to travel 1 light year in a spacecraft. The only way will visit the the car reaches of space is “virually”. Beaming our consciousness millions of miles will allow us to walk on distant planets.
Pixeleyes 2 points 20h ago
Imagine the lag, though.
PrudentDamage600 2 points 1d ago
Every thing is relative.
abraxkadabra 1 points 1d ago
Right it’s so cool how photography works in space and you can kinda measure a distance even though time is all different on other planets we measure it at the same pace through light years. It’s interesting because it brings you back to the thought process that time is just psychologically real to us not fundamentally real
APartyInMyPants 13 points 1d ago
For reference, the closest star to us, Proxima Centauri, is 4 light years away. So traveling at the speed of light, 186,000 miles per second, would still take four years.

The fastest ship we’ve ever created is the Parker Solar Probe, which travels 430,000 miles per hour, which moves at a speed of “just” 119 miles per second.

So even just visiting Proxima Centauri would take hundreds, if not thousands, of years.
abraxkadabra 3 points 1d ago
Wow that’s still incredibly impressive they were able to accomplish “just” 119 miles per hour! I wouldn’t think thatd be possible if they hadn’t continued to amaze me with things like that. It sounds like it’s pretty unlikely to get to Proxima Centauri but who knows considering that they accomplished so many other things that sound so impossible. I can’t wait to see what nasa does next!
chocolateboomslang 25 points 1d ago
Either we find a way to make almost all interstellar distances into basically nothing with wormholes or folding space or something crazy like that, or no.

Space is big.
throwaway12131214121 3 points 1d ago
Warp drives.
gravitydefyingturtle 8 points 1d ago
It's about 81 light years from our solar system, assuming that I've read the exoplanet.eu article on it correctly.
kaytoveryonder 3 points 1d ago
I want to know what these clouds look like! The ones on earth are so magnificent!
BaconSquared 3 points 1d ago
It'd be amazing if we just got a mirror selfie of our ship
abraxkadabra 1 points 1d ago
And then everyone would make a conspiracy that Stanley Kubrick faked the mirror selfie !
ComradeOmarova 2 points 1d ago
Would it not be on the cooler side if it reflected, rather than absorbed, most of the light thrown at it?
moody_dudey 4 points 1d ago
Prolly lookin like a bearing ball
trashtalkinmomma 2 points 1d ago
We need to launch a sidewalk and some ants out to juuuuust the right orbit
GodTierAimbotUser69 0 points 22h ago
add it as a dlc to starfield
PepperSaltzman7 1 points 22h ago
Not trying to challenge logic or anything rude like that, just pondering the idea. If it reflects back 80% of the light from the star, in theory wouldn’t that make our current means of observation difficult/ineffective? Photo observation is probably a no-go, but I’m curious if other analytical techniques would also struggle
abraxkadabra 2 points 22h ago
I thought about that after a bit of time pondering on this but yes I guess the first place my brain went to was what the clouds would look like if we were somehow looking at them the way we look at the clouds on our planet. As if we were on the exoplanet looking above. When I thought about what a photo would look like later on I realized it would probably just be bright blinding light. I was researching another exoplanet after seeing this too. Tres-2B, the darkest exoplanet that reflects less light than coal. And I was wondering what things must look like there too and figured it’d be mostly just darkness and shadows and that made me realize your point that it’d also be ineffective for this planet just in the adverse sense.
PepperSaltzman7 2 points 19h ago
Oh wow I hadn’t heard of Tres-2B, but less than 1% light reflected is crazy. That vantablack material looks difficult to comprehend with how far away it is from what we see as “normal” material. A planet with that much darkness feels impossible to imagine. Would love to see a VR simulation or No Mans Sky planet with these characteristics
Riegel_Haribo 1 points 11h ago
I'll explain it without the sensationalist headline: White and cloudy.

Our current "means of observations" of exoplanets (where the the star itself can't even be observed as more than a point) are very indirect inference-based observations of the effects of the planet being there.
HarryMaskers 51 points 1d ago
How do scientists come up with this. From 81 light years away, they can conclude that a bright dot next to a slightly bigger bright dot consists of clouds of silicate and titanium. How can they be that specific?

Edit: is love a detailed answer, but fear I may also need an ELI5 or 2!
TriFyre 66 points 1d ago
Transit Spectroscopy. They observe the light from the star passing through the atmosphere and use the spectrum of light observed to determine the composition of the atmosphere
ErusTenebre 13 points 21h ago
When I took astronomy, this part of the class was one of the most fascinating things I've ever learned.

Unfortunately I failed that class because big, comfy reclining chairs, with a beautiful starscape above you, and a soft-spoken professor was a lethal combination for being awake. I still learned a lot and picked up a little bit of existential dread.
Paramite3_14 21 points 22h ago
They can tell the composition because different elements and molecules reflect specific wavelengths of light.

What you said was simple, correct, and to the point. I just thought I'd add that little bit of "how we know".
Peiple 26 points 1d ago
Quick initial disclaimer that I’m not an astronomer, so I may be off on some of these points.

There’s more to it than just looking at dots/brightness—we also can look at what the specific light is. Different elements absorb/reflect different spectra of light. If you look at the “colors” of light you get back, you can match it up against combinations of elements to try to back calculate which elements comprise the planet. We can also do a similar method on stars to figure out what elements they’re comprised of, which helps inform their age, size, etc.

Edit: here’s a link to a description with some images

We can also look at the timing of the light—if it’s a planet orbiting a star, the star’s light should dim at a specific amount on regular intervals as the planet passes in front of the star. Those intervals, the timing, and how much it dims let us calculate how long the orbit is, and also possibly how far from the star the planet is or how big the planet is.

There’s also ways to calculate distances to the system itself (and possibly within) using parallax, I’m not completely sure on the method but there’s tons of articles online.

Once you know how big the planet is, what it’s made of, how fast it orbits, how big the star is, etc etc, you can basically mock up the system in a computer model and figure out how it works. In something like this, scientists probably concluded that it wouldn’t be possible for the planet to be just a solid titanium ball, and instead silica/titanium clouds are more likely. There’s probably also differences in how the light is reflected between clouds and solids, which they can analyze.

And again this is just my understanding as a scientist that reads astronomy papers; my research is not at all in this so I’d love for corrections/additional insight from real astronomers
HarryMaskers 1 points 1d ago
Thank you!
Keegan1948 3 points 1d ago
The James Webb and other telescopes have a lot of different lenses and scientists can use that data to interpret a lotta cool stuff
Black_RL 0 points 1d ago
Humans truly are capable of fantastic feats!
AlfredPetrelli -1 points 1d ago
They make an estimated guess based on the light they reflect. Materials reflect light differently, and we assume the planet isn't made of metal, so the clouds are. It's not an accurate conclusion and we can certainly be wrong and it's actually a ball of metal, but it's a decent enough estimate based on what we know.
Faruhoinguh 8 points 1d ago
Allright guys, now cool it slowly by deploying the nanobot swarm shade. We need those crystals
CrossiantGuy 11 points 1d ago
Sorry maybe this is a dumb question but if it’s reflective, can we theoretically see the past ?
kvetcha-rdt 52 points 1d ago
We’re already seeing the past.
Jandromon 47 points 1d ago
He probably means our past, the past of the Earth.

Basically, it's theoretically possible that if there's a giant mirror pointing at us 32,5 million light years away, and we look at it, the light we see was sent from Earth 65 million years ago and now reflected to us, so we'd be able to see what dinosaurs looked like and how they went extinct, just mirrored.

Unfortunately even if a mirror planet was to exist and point to us, the quantity and precision required by the travelling photons for us to recognise any reflections is unfathomable.
Paramite3_14 5 points 22h ago
That degree of needed precision is simply mind bogglingly cool.
AlfredPetrelli 12 points 1d ago
Perfect, practically magical scenarios would need to happen to do that. A giant telescope, a supermassive reflective mirror, and no interference that scatters photons.

In this case, it's safe to say no because it's a cloud which dissipates light and scatters reflections. Think shining a light at a mist in front of you and that mist was made of up tiny floating mirror bits pointing in countless directions.
AdiSoldier245 1 points 19h ago
Are planets not that reflective though for the light to reach that planet with sufficiently high res
kwisatzhaderachoo 3 points 1d ago
Why would it be hot if it is so reflective?
Zalpha 7 points 1d ago
From my understanding it isn't a sheet of metal or a solid mirror. It is a gas giant with metal liquid clouds. It should not have an ocean in the sky but rather droplets floating about. It is far to close to the sun to reflect all the heat out absorbing it.
Astromike23 3 points 1d ago
Reminder that Venus reflects **77%** of sunlight back out to space because of its sulfuric acid clouds.
m15otw 4 points 1d ago
Metalfest 3024 - hosted on METALWORLD!
Paramite3_14 0 points 22h ago
I wonder if interstellar travel will be possible in 1000 years. Assuming we jump over our great filters, anyone think it'd be possible by then?
m15otw 1 points 22h ago
It will either be possible by new, currently unknown, technology, or we'll be extinct.
UStoJapan 2 points 1d ago
Whatever you do, do *not* send Karn there. He will screw it up.
markleung 2 points 1d ago
Straight out of Outer Wilds
flapjaxrfun 2 points 1d ago
Likely story. The government doesn't want us to know its an alien planet with a light shield.
ffllores 2 points 23h ago
Clouds Taste Metallic - Flaming Lips
Airilsai 2 points 22h ago
Makes me wonder if extraterrestrial life is/was there, and the reflective clouds are an attempt to reverse climate change
hardhead1110 5 points 1d ago
I thought titanium was not naturally occurring
TriFyre 16 points 1d ago
It naturally occurs as an oxide on Earth and is processed through reactions with chlorine and magnesium to a pure metal form.
AyeYoTek 7 points 1d ago
That could be earth specific.
lastingfreedom -4 points 1d ago
What better way to collect solar energy to use on the dark side.
lastMinute_panic 4 points 1d ago
Sigh...

"tHat's sO mETal!"
KeytapTheProgrammer 1 points 1d ago
Titanium Clouds sounds like an excellent band name. I imagine them being dome kind of prog rock.
rodsn 1 points 1d ago
The planet itself should be ultra cold, no? The "ultra hot" is referring to the energy reflected by the planet
agwaragh 11 points 1d ago
Clouds of vaporized titanium...
physgm 0 points 1d ago
The first known discoball planet!
Mootingly -1 points 1d ago
Sounds like some form of Dyson sphere, maybe even natures attempt at one. I say sounds loosely.
itsathrowawaywowomg 3 points 18h ago
A Dyson Sphere is a hypothetical megastructure that encompasses a star, not a planet.
Mithrandir2k16 -2 points 1d ago
Isn't this a plotpoint in the Matrix?
hillrd 1 points 1d ago
How do they know what these planets clouds are made from?
turkishhousefan 4 points 1d ago
Spectroscopy.
hillrd 1 points 16h ago
Great word. Eli5?
funkywinkerbean45 1 points 1d ago
What would a cloud made of titanium be like? Glittery? Not noticeable? Silvery color? What?
Vo_Mimbre 1 points 1d ago
“Clouds”. Sure. It’s just Imperial Propaganda so we don’t mistake it for Coruscant.
CallMeFartFlower 2 points 23h ago
Mmm... croissants...
Vo_Mimbre 2 points 19h ago
The entire planet is a bakery!
CaptainCAAAVEMAAAAAN 1 points 1d ago
I read articles like this and I get insanely jealous that I'll never see all of these wonders with my own eyes.
Galavantes 1 points 1d ago
Pshh I have a base on this planet in No Man's Sky
bcardarella 1 points 1d ago
Why is the article describing the planet as "scorching" ? Wouldn't it be very cold if the atmosphere was reflecting 85% of the star's energy?
RobertBringhurst 1 points 1d ago
“Fish that can swim in fog. I love new planets.”
smsp1 1 points 1d ago
Bill Gates is going to be unhappy that you have revealed his former home world. He's just in the early process of terraforming our planet.
zobotrombie 1 points 22h ago
I bet the wind sounds like synths there.
alanmagid 1 points 22h ago
Earth's average albedo is about 0.3.
serbeardless 1 points 22h ago
So even with it reflecting 80% of its sun’s light back at it, it’s still hot enough to have metal clouds.
Sidus_Preclarum 1 points 21h ago
We're at a point in science where we *know* there are incredible sights around us but will never get to actually *see* them.
A planet with shiny metallic clouds!
A good time for artists and imagination, after all.
Sprinkle_Puff 1 points 21h ago
Sorry for the silly question but how do those not fall to the ground under their own weight ?
elijuicyjones 1 points 20h ago
I want that planet in our system so we can develop the galaxy’s best video projector array and use it for watching movies.
Crazyblazy395 1 points 20h ago
I assume the oxides of these since metallic titanium would require a highly reducing environment and that seems pretty unlikely. Unless I am missing something big...?
klipseracer 1 points 20h ago
Let me guess, there's the potential for life
betteainsley101 1 points 17h ago
Can anyone explain to me how they know the materials of the cloud from this planet if it's x amount of light years away.
namayake 1 points 14h ago
Question: could an object such as this, extend the habitable aka "goldilocks" zone of a star system? Or would it reflect too little of the star's electromagnetic spectrum for any planet in orbit nearby to be habitable?
Upandunder23 1 points 10h ago
I hope in the future a non Einsteinian theory allows us to visit such planets
-RezisTance- 1 points 9h ago
Use my post to add more reasons why this is asinine...

I'd like to see the process for how the data is collected and what type of equipment is used that is able to determine their outcome. We struggle with our own ocean and know very little of it and I'm expected to believe they can determine the elements or materials of a planet many light years away?

We can't even get the weather right for tomorrow... Ohh.. and gravity from planets, stars, etc doesn't affect their data? Point at the planet light years away and gravitational pull doesn't affect their data? Or temperature fluctuations and even radiation? There's so much more why I doubt this and I hope that others share reasons why this seems bs
ZuzCat 1 points 3h ago
Or it’s a galactic government HQ
This nonprofit website is run by volunteers.
Please contribute if you can. Thank you!
Our mission is to provide everyone with access to large-
scale community websites for the good of humanity.
Without ads, without tracking, without greed.
©2023 HumbleCat Inc   •   HumbleCat is a 501(c)3 nonprofit based in Michigan, USA.